War and Peace: 1914–1934
War and Peace: 1914–1934
In the years prior to the outbreak of World War I, the Ligue des droits de l'homme (League of the Rights of Man) took a “pacifist” stand. Most of its members were opposed to the war, arguing that international conflicts must be resolved by peaceful means. The pre-1914 League was thus in favor of progressive and mutual disarmament, binding international arbitration, and world government—in the form of international organizations. As the war erupted in 1914, the League rallied to the defense of France even as it protested the ensuing wartime censorship, military justice, and suspensions of civil liberties. From 1918 until the mid-1930s, the League was divided into two camps. The majority labeled themselves pacifists who advocated internationalism and disarmament, while the minority accused the French government of antagonizing Germany rendering it impossible to achieve lasting peace. This division was exacerbated by conflicting views of pacifism. Another issue that produced tensions within the League was Soviet Union's human rights violations.
Keywords: World War I, Ligue des droits de l'homme, League of the Rights of Man, peace, pacifism, France, Soviet Union, human rights violations, Germany, civil liberties
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