Commercial Interests and Elite Bargains
Commercial Interests and Elite Bargains
This chapter evaluates a promising alternative approach drawn from the field of international relations. Westphalian sovereignty appeared at a relatively early date in low-profit, high-volume France and formed a good deal later among the high-profit, low-volume city-states of the Italian peninsula. The turn toward Westphalian sovereignty occurred when Egypt's foreign trade was experiencing significant difficulties. The predominance of low-value, high-volume goods in Tunisia's foreign trade offered export-oriented farmers and manufacturers with strong incentives to support the creation of an autonomous, territorially bounded polity. Moreover, Jordan adopted a posture of Westphalian sovereignty in the context of slumping foreign trade. The leadership's commitment to a unified Arab polity persisted despite the general stagnation of Iraq's external trade. Finally, the foreign commerce in Syria recovered during the course of 1943.
Keywords: foreign trade, Westphalian sovereignty, Egypt, Tunisia, Jordan, Arab polity, Iraq, Syria, international relations
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