Germans and Jews in Greece
Germans and Jews in Greece
This chapter explores the increasing political and economic influence of Austria and Germany on the Jewish community in Greece during the interwar period. Greece in general, and the Jews in particular, could not absorb the impact of Central European economic and imperial expansion, and failed to survive the confrontation. Austria-Hungary targeted the Jewish option in terms of commercial influence, while Germany later entered the competition for profit. Greece also had to compete with Bulgaria, Serbia, or “Macedonia” for possession of Salonika, known as the “Jerusalem of the Balkans.” Austria, which considered the Balkans its natural hinterland, hoped to establish a free port centered on an autonomous Salonika, while France had independently developed a similar plan. Both fascist Italy, which joined the tumultous Greek politics during the 1920s, and Nazi Germany found their adherents among the new immigrants to Salonika. In retrospect, Austria and Nazi Germany had a mixed impact on the Jews of Greece prior to World War II.
Keywords: Jews, Greece, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Salonika, Balkans, Bulgaria, Serbia, immigrants, Greek politics
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