State Aids in European Union Competition Law
State Aids in European Union Competition Law
This chapter explores how state aid rules shape member states’ intervention in the economy. In so doing, the chapter broadly follows a two-part structure that mirrors the structure of state aid control under EU law. The chapter tracks this decision-making process and first discusses recent case law on the concept of aid and then reviews the most important substantive features of the approval process, including the recent “modernization” effort the Commission launched in May 2012. The chapter argues that the Commission is, albeit indirectly, providing incentives for member states to devise measures that fall outside the state aid regime altogether.
Keywords: state aid, competition law, Europe, Article 107
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